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Legal issues concerning single-player trainers
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++METHOS
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PostPosted: Tue Apr 05, 2016 11:19 am    Post subject: Re: Legal issues concerning single-player trainers Reply with quote

theantiChrist wrote:
So, I am curious about valid statements concerning this, no opinions please.
-If you don't want opinions, then hire an attorney...preferably one with relative expertise. But...that is just my opinion. Very Happy
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Arondai
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PostPosted: Tue Apr 05, 2016 11:59 am    Post subject: Re: Legal issues concerning single-player trainers Reply with quote

++METHOS wrote:
theantiChrist wrote:
So, I am curious about valid statements concerning this, no opinions please.
-If you don't want opinions, then hire an attorney...preferably one with relative expertise. But...that is just my opinion. Very Happy


Dude, as you do have a point, I will respond appropriately: I assume that this forum is visited by people who do have a fair amount of knowledge in regard to this question, so I gladly benefit from the outcome. That being said: if I will not get a non-opinionated response, you have stated an interesting conclusion by trying to humor me and others, with all due respect obviously Wink
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realrbn
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PostPosted: Tue Apr 05, 2016 12:29 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I'm pretty sure that nobody on here can give you a final Answer. You should really contact an attorney and ask him/her what they say about it.
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++METHOS
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PostPosted: Tue Apr 05, 2016 1:00 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

theantiChrist wrote:
I assume that this forum is visited by people who do have a fair amount of knowledge in regard to this question, so I gladly benefit from the outcome.
-The problem with that, is, a lot of people like to think that they know what they're talking about, when in actuality, you'll be getting hearsays and regurgitated web data that may or may not be applicable to your particular circumstance. There are simply too many variables to give you a definitive answer.

Generally speaking, use common sense. If you're doing something illegal, such as violating copyright or trademark laws, hacking in to a private server or anything that someone could legitimately sue you for, then you probably don't want to be doing it.

A trainer is just a tool that performs memory alterations at runtime - not even permanent. Creating a trainer for an offline, single-player game is perfectly fine, so long as it doesn't interfere with potential profits from DLC purchases or the like and/or violate any copyright, trademark and/or other laws etc.. But again, that is just my opinion.

If you create a trainer that allows people to circumvent DRM for mass-distribution, then expect to get sued. If you create a trainer with a background image containing other people's protected works, then they could technically send you a cease and desist letter, ordering you to remove it. If you create a trainer that allows people to alter something in their game so that they don't have to buy DLC with real money in order to get it, then expect to get sued. If you create a trainer that could potentially ruin the online experience for other players, ultimately impacting potential profits for the developer, expect to get sued. If, on the other hand, you create a trainer for an offline, single-player game that has no DLC, and does not infringe on any trademark or copyrighted works, then you're probably fine. This is all assuming that you live in the US. And, again, this is all just my opinion.
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++METHOS
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PostPosted: Tue Apr 05, 2016 2:11 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Most larger developers are going to be concerned about their bottom line and protecting profits for themselves, their shareholders and investors etc.. Altering a game to the extent that other people notice is probably not likely to occur, as online games will usually handle that kind of data server-side, and altering server-sided data is illegal. If you do manage to alter client-side data locally, that other people are able to notice, then you risk getting sued for loss of profits because they may claim that your distributed 'hack' has caused them to lose subscribers. All they need is a few complaints to prove that. More than likely, they will just issue a patch in lieu of taking legal action - assuming you don't keep rewriting your hack to circumvent that.

If a small, indie developer gets annoyed that you're distributing a tool that alters their offline 'masterpiece', what can they really do about it? Sue you for bruising their ego? You're not distributing their work.

But, again, it really depends on the circumstances.
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JohnathanSweeney
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PostPosted: Tue Apr 05, 2016 2:40 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

This is not legal advice, as I am not an attorney:

Read the End User Liscense. In most cases you have paid for a liscense for your game and own the local copy of it on your computer. Modifying this data is modifying something that you own the liscense to. If you agree to terms and they include "Not Reverse Engineering" the software then violating these terms that you have agreed to can result in legal rammifications. For instance EA games includes a clause about reverse engineering in their Terms of Service:

Quote:
In addition, unless expressly authorized by EA, you may not distribute, publicly perform or display, lease, sell, transmit, transfer, publish, edit, copy, create derivative works from, rent, sub-license, decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer or otherwise make unauthorized use of Content or Entitlements.


For the most part it is copyright protection that gets people in the most trouble. The code itself is copyrighted! Laws regarding technology are largely based on Case Law, meaning rulings by other judges in previous cases. If you reverse engineer some functionality and then use that code in a hack you're selling you are committing copyright infringement, I believe this is what the WoWbot Glider developer really got stuck with.. One to note on this topic is Atari v. Nintendo in which Atari reversed some code and then used that code and lost the lawsuit. Also interesting is Sega vs Accolade, Accolade was not liscensed to produce games for the Sega Genesis so they decided to reverse engineer the gaming console, and then produce and sell games for it. The court ruled in favor of Accolade

The Electronic Frontier Foundation has a great article on the legality of reverse engineering

Also profiting off of reverse engineering the copyrighted program is definately something to avoid.


Last edited by JohnathanSweeney on Sat Feb 13, 2021 1:17 pm; edited 2 times in total
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++METHOS
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PostPosted: Tue Apr 05, 2016 2:50 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Sigh...
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Arondai
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PostPosted: Tue Apr 05, 2016 3:01 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

++METHOS wrote:
Most larger developers are going to be concerned about their bottom line and protecting profits for themselves, their shareholders and investors etc.. Altering a game to the extent that other people notice is probably not likely to occur, as online games will usually handle that kind of data server-side, and altering server-sided data is illegal. If you do manage to alter client-side data locally, that other people are able to notice, then you risk getting sued for loss of profits because they may claim that your distributed 'hack' has caused them to lose subscribers. All they need is a few complaints to prove that. More than likely, they will just issue a patch in lieu of taking legal action - assuming you don't keep rewriting your hack to circumvent that.

If a small, indie developer gets annoyed that you're distributing a tool that alters their offline 'masterpiece', what can they really do about it? Sue you for bruising their ego? You're not distributing their work.

But, again, it really depends on the circumstances.


True!
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Zanzer
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PostPosted: Tue Apr 05, 2016 5:04 pm    Post subject: This post has 1 review(s) Reply with quote

Everything is legal until you get caught!
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SunBeam
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PostPosted: Wed Apr 06, 2016 2:31 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Here's a decent opinion: do you think that code you're "re-using", 'borrowed' from game's engine, is not reused from a different other product/game by the game developers? Ask yourself that before focusing on your persona Smile

BR,
Sun

P.S.: Had some similar thoughts at some point, but took me 2-3 minutes to establish no one will give a fuck. Unless they patented that code.. but who does that?..
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STN
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PostPosted: Wed Apr 06, 2016 2:56 am    Post subject: Re: Legal issues concerning single-player trainers Reply with quote

tehatinrichst wrote:

Lets say I create a trainer for a specific game and I use IDA to disassemble it and CE to create a trainer that will use code-injection in a sense that alot of the game-code will be reused and altered a bit. In that sense I am wondering about legal issues. Just some memory-poking is perfectly ok I guess, as it will never hold up in court if anyone is charged for 'god'ding a game by writing some bytes to a certain memory address. But, in the case you inject code that shows that the cheat author really knows what he's doing, that's a different case. In that case you must have been reverse engineering the game and I don't know if that's allowed.


That made me laugh. You are reverse engineering the moment you change a byte of a game or understand what a particular piece of game code is doing. I have made some really advanced options by modifying a couple bytes so by your definition i should be fine because i changed a few bytes despite my cheat showing i know what i am doing ? lmao

In my opinion, it depends on game company and what they decide to do. Game EULA's already prohibits disassembling and reverse engineering like someone else said here and you do that when you make any kind of cheat so you're at the mercy of game companies. Most game companies don't give a shit about game trainers, in fact some even encourage modding their games e.g GTAV mods/fallout mods and some even appreciate trainers because they add to the gaming experience. Then there are companies like Blizzard - http://www.wired.com/2010/10/starcraft-ban/

^That i believe is the only occurrence where SP cheaters were banned but nobody was sued.

I will tell you what, game companies don't give a shit about MP cheating either. The worst that can happen is you lose your game, the only thing that companies give a shit about is cracks because they lose business over it or at least they think they do.

Quote:
So, I am curious about valid statements concerning this, no opinions please.


Read the EULA then.

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SunBeam
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PostPosted: Wed Apr 06, 2016 3:11 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

In 3 words, Blizzard is retarded. I fail to see the point in banning single-player cheating.

Furthermore, the question raised here is "how did Blizzard know he's cheating in SP?" - I thought single-player involved no need for an online account (transmitting data to Blizzard). Then Blizzard can easily be sued for gathering information from the user's PC (let's face it, that's what it really is, no matter the means to acquire it - inside or outside the proprietary software). If I were gm0ney, I would focus on that.

Not only do we pay for the software (game), we're also bound to certain rules. Bitch, please.. you got my money.. let me do what I want. Again, in single-player, not online (I doubt cheats work online).

BR,
Sun
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PostPosted: Wed Apr 06, 2016 3:43 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

I agree 100% but this is what every other game company seems to be doing. Look at ubishit viz the division and EA
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ParkourPenguin
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PostPosted: Wed Apr 06, 2016 9:56 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

You have the right to do whatever you want as long as you don't infringe on the rights of others.

That's a paradoxical statement, but thinking of it on a case-by-case basis usually works out. If you cheat in a self-contained environment free of any outside interaction (e.g. multiplayer, invalidating microtransactions and/or DLC, highscore submitting, violating copyright laws), then modifying the game in any way you want should be fine because it's yours. Of course, there are still questions that need to be answered: what defines "outside interaction"? Is the EULA itself infringing on your rights? What exactly are you buying when you purchase a game? This is where lawyers come into play.

In my opinion (regardless if you want it or not), a developer filing any type of injunction against you for cheating on account of solely their own philosophy is both egotistical and an infringement of your rights. When you purchase a game, you are purchasing a copy of the bytes that constitute the game. You are free to modify that copy for your own purposes by adding or removing bytes however you want insofar as doing so does not infringe on the rights of others. It's like if you buy a sandwich- you're free to add or remove anything you want to or from it as long as you don't do something like steal ingredients or proclaim it as your own creation.

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PostPosted: Wed Apr 06, 2016 10:14 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

NlGGERS wrote:
u of all people should know cheats work online (theres a way always)

I said cheats, not hacks. StarCraft has built-in cheats that allow you to do stuff, but disables achievements. I wrote an article about that a while ago - here (if you can get rid of that f'ken Youtube wrapper covering whole post) - not sure if it still applies.

I got used to that "oh my god" routine. Ladies do that often Very Happy Very Happy

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